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====== NetBSD on SDF VPS ======

===== First Steps =====

==== User Accounts ====

After you have installed and started your NetBSD VPS, go to the console and log-in as user root with the default password, "root".

One of the first things you will want to do is change the default root password by typing "passwd" at the prompt. Don't forget this password as there is currently no way to recover it.

It is also a good habit to create a regular user account for working, using ''su'' to obtain root privileges as needed. To create a regular user account which is part of the administrative ''wheel'' group:

  useradd -m -G wheel <username>

Then immediately set its password with:

  passwd <username>

This user will be in the ''wheel'' group and will be able to perform administrative tasks by running ''su'' to obtain superuser privileges using the root password.

==== System Clock ====

It is customary on UNIX systems for the system clock to be set to UTC. To set the local time zone, find your zone file in ''/usr/share/zoneinfo/'' and link to it at ''/etc/localtime'' as follows:

  ln -fs /usr/share/zoneinfo/Europe/Helsinki /etc/localtime

==== Networking ====

Look at the first line of your control panel at vps.sdf.org and note YOUR_HOSTNAME (e.g. netbsd99), EXTERNAL_IP (e.g. 205.166.94.nnn), and INTERNAL_IP (e.g. 10.1.0.nnn):

<file>
VPS Maintenance Shell for netbsd99 (205.166.94.nnn / 10.1.0.nnn)
                          --------  -------------   ----------

                          |         |               |
                          |         EXTERNAL_IP     INTERNAL_IP
                          |
                          YOUR_HOSTNAME
</file>

Open /etc/rc.conf in an editor and, replacing the text YOUR_HOSTNAME, EXTERNAL_IP, and INTERNAL_IP with your own actual host name and IP numbers, add:

<file config etc/rc.conf>
hostname=YOUR_HOSTNAME.sdf.org
defaultroute=205.166.94.1
auto_ifconfig=yes
ifconfig_xennet0="inet EXTERNAL_IP netmask 0xffffff00"
ifconfig_xennet1="inet INTERNAL_IP netmask 0xffffff00"
</file>

Then put this in /etc/resolv.conf:

<file config /etc/resolv.conf>
nameserver 205.166.94.20
</file>

Add this to /etc/hosts:

<file config /etc/hosts>
EXTERNAL_IP 	YOUR_HOSTNAME.sdf.org 	YOUR_HOSTNAME
</file>

Run/Type:

  /etc/rc.d/network restart
  
Alternatively, if the above does not work:

Open /etc/rc.conf in an editor and, replacing the text YOUR_HOSTNAME, EXTERNAL_IP, and INTERNAL_IP with your own actual host name and IP numbers, add:

<file config etc/rc.conf>
hostname=YOUR_HOSTNAME.sdf.org
defaultroute=205.166.94.1
</file>

Create /etc/ifconfig.xennet0 and open it in an editor. Add:

<file config etc/ifconfig.xennet0>
up
EXTERNAL_IP netmask 255.255.255.0
</file>

Then put this in /etc/resolv.conf:

<file config /etc/resolv.conf>
nameserver DNS_SERVER_IP
</file>

Add this to /etc/hosts:

<file config /etc/hosts>
EXTERNAL_IP 	YOUR_HOSTNAME.sdf.org 	YOUR_HOSTNAME
</file>

Run/Type:

  /etc/rc.d/network restart

===== pkgsrc =====

On NetBSD you can mount a pre-built (and still in progress) pkgsrc DESTDIR. Following the procedures below will effectively install the 2000+ included packages on your virtual NetBSD system.

Note that at the moment the pre-built pkgsrc assumes that its path is /pkgshare. Some programs won't work under a different prefix since they won't be able to find their shared libraries.

  mkdir -p /pkgshare
  rmdir /usr/pkg
  ln -s /pkgshare /usr/pkg
  rm -rf /var/db/pkg
  ln -s /pkgshare/db/pkg /var/db/pkg
  mount -t nfs 10.1.0.1:/pkgshare /pkgshare
  export PATH=$PATH:/usr/pkg/bin:/usr/pkg/sbin

It is read only.

To set this up on boot, execute the steps above and then:

<code>
echo "nfs_client=YES" >> /etc/rc.conf
echo "rpcbind=YES" >> /etc/rc.conf
echo "10.1.0.1 vps" >> /etc/hosts
echo "vps:/pkgshare /pkgshare nfs ro" >> /etc/fstab
echo "export PATH=$PATH:/usr/pkg/bin:/usr/pkg/sbin" >> /etc/profile
</code>

Note that you cannot use both this pre-built pkgsrc and pre-built packages from netbsd.org. It may be possible to set the system up so you can, however this is best left to the experienced NetBSD administrator.

===== Miscellaneous Tips =====

==== Free up disk space by removing unwanted sets ====

The default image comes with all distribution sets installed. You can free up some disk space by removing the ones you don't need.

First, check which distribution sets are installed:

  ls /etc/mtree

Decide which sets you want to remove and examine their contents. For example, to remove games and all X11 sets:

<code>
for set in games xbase xcomp xetc xfont xserver ; do \
  tar tzf /usr/INSTALL/$set.tgz | sed -e 's/^\.//' >> /tmp/purgelist ; \
done
</code>

After examining ''/tmp/purgelist'' and removing any files you want to keep, do:

  cat /tmp/purgelist | xargs rm

===== References =====

  * [[http://www.netbsd.org/docs/guide/en/|The NetBSD Guide]]
  * [[http://wiki-static.aydogan.net/The_NetBSD_System_Manager%27s_Manual|The NetBSD System Manager's Manual]]

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 $Id: VPS_NetBSD.html,v 1.23 2018/02/22 15:12:01 slugmax Exp $ [[http://sdf.org/?tutorials/VPS_NetBSD|NetBSD on SDF VPS]] - traditional link (using [[wp>Revision_Control_System|RCS]])