======= Plan 9 Second Edition ======= |**DRAFT**: Plan 9 Second Edition from Bell Labs.| |Tutorial [**x**] Guide [ ]| | :!: System CPU //Execution Cap: 40%// | * For educational and informational purposes only. [[playground:plan_9_second_edition#disk1img|Networking]] is not [[playground:plan_9_second_edition#disk1img|supported]]. * //You're stuck with this small [VirtualBox FreeDOS] screen [display resolution].// * VirtualBox display scale factor setting is available. ==== Chronology ==== ^Date^ Release^ Comment^ |1992|Plan 9 1st edition|Released by Bell Labs to universities| |1995|Plan 9 2nd edition|Released by Bell Labs for non-commercial purposes [[wp>Plan_9_from_Bell_Labs#History|History]]| |2000|Plan 9 3rd ed. (Brazil)|Released by Lucent Technologies under an open source license| |2002|Plan 9 4th edition|Released by Lucent Technologies under a new free software license| |README|http://doc.cat-v.org/plan_9/2nd_edition/README| |special interest|http://doc.cat-v.org/plan_9/2nd_edition/| |ways to install|http://doc.cat-v.org/plan_9/2nd_edition/install| == Install summary === Start a recent version of VirtualBox. * Install FreeDOS from the FD13LIVE.iso with the default VirtualBox settings. * Install FreeDOS with the default install. * Initial virtual disk settings after the default FreeDOS install to C: (Device 1). * Initial virtual disk settings after the FDISK (17 MB, PRI DOS, FAT16) D: partition (Device 0). ---- IDE Primary Device 1: freedos-13.vdi (Normal, 500.00 MB) IDE Secondary Device 0: freedos-13_1.vdi (Normal, 500.00 MB) ---- === CD-ROM Install ==== The Plan 9 Second Edition CD-ROM (plan9-2e.iso) Install Target [D:] is the ~568 MB non-partitioned area after the previously partitioned 3% (17 MB, PRI DOS, FAT16) and formatted disk space: * Managed/modified disk (Device 0; D:) setting: ---- $ VBoxManage showmediuminfo 'freedos-13_1.vdi' Capacity: 500 MBytes ---- ---- $ VBoxManage modifymedium 'freedos-13_1.vdi' --compact $ VBoxManage modifymedium 'freedos-13_1.vdi' --resize 586 ---- === Demo Install * Postpone the Demo install if completing the CD-ROM install. ==== The Plan 9 Second Edition Floppy Diskette (2-4) Install Target [C:] is the non-partitioned 25 MB area after the previously partitioned 95% (A, 500 MB, PRI DOS, FAT16) and formatted disk space: * Managed/modified disk (Device 1; C:) setting: ---- $ VBoxManage showmediuminfo 'freedos-13.vdi' Capacity: 500 MBytes ---- ---- $ VBoxManage modifymedium 'freedos-13.vdi' --compact $ VBoxManage modifymedium 'freedos-13.vdi' --resize 525 ---- === Run FreeDOS 1.3 in "Safe Mode" (press #3). * 3 - Load FreeDOS low with some drivers (Safe Mode) === Review with FreeDOS and FDISK ---- C:\> fdisk Do you want to use large disk (FAT 32) support (Y/N).[Y]? Enter choice: [4] "... Usage" "... 95%" "Total disk space is 525 Mbytes (1 Mbyte = 1048576 bytes)" Press Esc to continue Press Esc to exit FDISK C:\> d: D:\> fdisk Do you want to use large disk (FAT 32) support (Y/N).[Y]? Enter choice: [5] Enter Fixed Disk Drive Number (1-2).....[2] "Current Fixed Disk Drive: 2" Enter choice: [4] "... Usage" "... 3%" "Total disk space is 565 Mbytes (1 Mbyte = 1048576 bytes)" Press Esc to continue Press Esc to exit FDISK D:\> ---- === Floppy Diskettes and README file / plan_9 / 2nd_edition / plan9.att.com / pcdist http://doc.cat-v.org/plan_9/2nd_edition/plan9.att.com/pcdist/ README disk1 disk1.orig disk2.vd disk2.vd.orig disk3.vd disk3.vd.orig disk4.vd disk4.vd.orig ** Copy README, disk1, disk2.vd, disk3.vd, and disk4.vd to the VirtualBox host machine. ** disk1 (rename to disk1.img) is a boot-able diskette, and used to configure the C:\plan9\plan9.ini or D:\plan9\plan9.ini ** disk2.vd, disk3.vd, and disk4.vd are files that must be copied to new diskettes (disk2.img, disk3.img and disk4.img). === Notes: * Create a blank floppy.img with VirtualBox, for use with FreeDOS: ** Floppy Drive Device 0: ** Choose/Create A Virtual Floppy Disk... ** Floppy Disk Selector (Popup) ** Create Disk Image (Icon) ** File Path: (rename the floppy.img as needed) ** Size: 1.44 ** Format disk as FAT 12 * Create three copies of the new blank floppy.img (disk2.img, disk3.img, disk4.img): * Copy disk2.vd to the disk2.img * Copy disk3.vd to the disk3.img * Copy disk4.vd to the disk4.img === A VirtualBox host copy example: ---- $ sudo mkdir /media/floppy1/ $ sudo mount -o loop disk2.img /media/floppy1/ $ sudo cp disk2.vd /media/floppy1/disk2.vd $ sudo umount /media/floppy1/ ---- === Final VirtualBox guest Configuration Results: * General ---- Name: freedos-13 Operating System: DOS ---- * System ---- Base Memory: 32 MB Execution Cap: 40% Boot Order: Floppy, Optical, Hard Disk Acceleration: VT-x/AMD-V, Nested Paging ---- * Display ---- Video Memory: 9 MB Graphics Controller: VboxVGA Remote Desktop Server: Disabled Recording: Disabled ---- * Storage ---- Controller: Floppy Floppy Device 0: Empty Controller: IDE IDE Primary Device 0: [Optical Drive] plan9-2e.iso (375.27 MB) IDE Primary Device 1: freedos-13.vdi (Normal, 525.00 MB) IDE Secondary Device 0: freedos-13_1.vdi (Normal, 575.00 MB) ---- * Audio ---- Host Driver: PulseAudio Controller: SoundBlaster 16 ---- * Network * USB ---- Disabled ---- * Shared folders ---- None ---- * Description ---- None ---- * VirtualBox - Bugs: High CPU usage of FreeDOS machine http://wiki.freedos.org/wiki/index.php/VirtualBox_-_Bugs:_High_CPU_usage_of_FreeDOS_machine * System (CPU usage adjustment) ---- Base Memory: 32 MB Execution Cap: 40% [ ] ---- === Boot the FreeDOS VM with diskette disk1.img to configure C:\plan9\plan9.ini: Plan 9 Second Edition Menu: "System Instillation & Configuration" ==== Menu "Select a disc containing a FAT-based filesystem." [If the disc you want does not appear...] "/dev/hd1" "/dev/hd2" ** Select /dev/hd1 to configure the C:\plan9\plan9.ini ** Select /dev/hd2 to configure the D:\plan9\plan9.ini * Remove the floppy diskette before restarting the FreeDOS VM. * Install the Plan 9 Second Edition Demo. ---- C:\>plan9\b ---- Plan 9 Second Edition Menu: "File System Instillation" ** Select /dev/hd1 to configure the C:\plan9\plan9.ini Select: "1. Install 3 Diskette System to local drive" ** (The following menu steps may require several attempts before the "3 Diskette System" is installed [in a familiar way], and configured, without interruption.) ** Make the newly installed Plan 9 the default (avoid this option initially) ** Reconfigure the system (possible) ** Exit to system (avoid this option) ** Reboot (possible) ** Remove the floppy diskette from the virtual drive before restarting. === "Reconfigure the system" by booting with diskette disk1.img after installing disk2.img, disk3.img, disk4.img, or the plan9-2e.iso, to a virtual hard disk drive storage device. ** Avoid "File System Installation" ** Select "An active Plan 9 system" * Start the Plan 9 Second Edition Demo. ---- C:\>plan9\b root is from (local, 9600, 19200, il)[local!#H/hd1fs]: (press return/enter) user[none] (press return/enter) ---- ---- /bin/dossrv 19 serving #s/dos Start window system (y/n)? (type y, then press return/enter.) ---- ---- [] Welcome to Plan 9. This is rc. term% ---- * (type 'disk/kfscmd halt' in a terminal window, then press return/enter to cleanly halt the system.) Menu configuration note: * Select /dev/hd1 to configure the C:\plan9\plan9.ini ** Example Second Edition demo /dev/hd1 plan9.ini: ---- mouseport=ps2 monitor=vga vgasize=800x600x1 console=cga bootfile=h!1 ---- Disk1 re-config note: * VGA setup ** 640x480x1 ** vga - Basic monitor or laptop LCD * Mouse type ** PS2 * Ethernet card ** None * ATA (IDE) controller ** None * SCSI controller ** None * SoundBlaster ** None * SoundBlaster CD-ROM ** None * File system console ** CGA * Save configuration ** Save === Display configuration 9.6. Advanced Display Configuration http://www.virtualbox.org/manual/ch09.html#adv-display-config FreeDOS small screensize https://forums.virtualbox.org/viewtopic.php?t=9816 "You're stuck with this small screen." B.COM(8) http://man.cat-v.org/plan_9_2nd_ed/8/b.com PLAN9.INI(8) http://man.cat-v.org/plan_9_2nd_ed/8/plan9.ini VGA(8) http://man.cat-v.org/plan_9_2nd_ed/8/vga Notes: Adding a monitor to vgadb https://plan9.io/wiki/plan9/adding_a_monitor_to_vgadb/index.html /usr/web/sources/patch/applied/vgadb_additions/vgadb.orig https://plan9.io/sources/patch/applied/vgadb_additions/vgadb.orig Kfs file system configuration https://plan9.io/wiki/plan9/Kfs_file_system_configuration/index.html Papers PLAN 9 RELEASE 2 (1995) https://plan9.io/wiki/plan9/papers/ === ISO image Plan 9 Foundation https://plan9foundation.org/ FreeDOS Wiki http://wiki.freedos.org/wiki/index.php/Main_Page === Manual Manual Sections http://man.cat-v.org/plan_9_2nd_ed/ Manual pages - Section 8: system administration http://man.cat-v.org/plan_9_2nd_ed/8/ === toobnix.org ---- games/fireworks "Windowing system is 8 1/2 which is closer to UNIX mux" Plan9 2nd Edition https://toobnix.org/w/qwV29JnoE9HCNmBEZutRn4 ---- ===== Disk1.img ===== ^disk1 (rename to disk1.img) is a boot-able diskette that is used to configure plan9.ini.^^ |''C:\plan9\plan9.ini''|''/dev/hd1''| |''D:\plan9\plan9.ini''|''/dev/hd2''| * The default settings are suitable for educational and informational purposes. ^Plan 9 Second Edition screen for: Disk1^ |"System Instillation & Configuration"| |Plan 9 is already installed on the filesystem you selected in ''\plan9''| - Remove the instillation - Reconfigure the system - File System Installation **Select 2: "Reconfigure the system"** |You must enter information about all devices every time you use this menu to configure a device. This is not an editor; it makes a new ''PLAN9.INI'' file each time|| |PLAN9.INI(8) ((//You must now configure the devices. Look at plan9.ini(8) in the manual to help understand the choices//))|http://man.cat-v.org/plan_9_2nd_ed/8/plan9.ini| - VGA setup - Mouse type - Ethernet card - ATA (IDE) controller - SCSI controller - SoundBlaster - SoundBlaster CD-ROM - File system console - Save configuration ^1. VGA setup^ |640x480x1| |640x480x8| |800x600x1| |800x600x8| |1024x768x1| |1024x768x8| |1280x768x8| |1376x1024x8| ^Continue the VGA setup^ |vga - Basic monitor or laptop LCD| |multisync65 - Video bandwith up to 65MHz| |multisync75 - Video bandwith up to 75MHz| |multisync135 - Video bandwith up to 135MHz| ^2. Mouse type^ |COM1| |COM2| |PS2| ^3. Ethernet card^ |None| |NE2000 - this card comes with Gateway & TI laptops| |NE4100 - The National/IBM PCMCIA ethernet| |WD8003 - includes SMC Elites & WD8013-based cards| |3C509 - the 3COM ISA/EISA/PCI 10Mbps card| |3C589 - the 3COM PCMCIA card| ^4. ATA (IDE) controller^ |None| |secondary - Port 0x170| |teritary - Port 0x1E8| |quarternary - Port 0x168| ^5. SCSI controller^ |None| |aha1542 - Adaptec 154x[BC]| |bus745 - Buslogic 7[45]7[SD]| |ultra14f - Ultrastor [13]4f| |bus4201 - Buslogic 7[45]7[SD] in 32-bit mode| ^6. SoundBlaster^ |None| |Port 0x220| |Port 0x240| |Port 0x260| |Port 0x280| ^7. SoundBlaster CD-ROM^ |None| |panasonic| |matsushita| |mitsumi| |ATAPI (IDE)| ^8. File system console^ |None| |CGA| |COM1| |COM2| ^9. Save configuration^ |Redo| |Save| * Save or redo |**//System Instillation & Configuration//**| | mouseport=ps2 || | monitor=vga || | vgasize=800x600x1 || | ata1=irq=15 || | auido0=type=sb16 port=0x220 irq=7 dma=5 || | console=cga || | bootfile=hd!1!/plan9/9dos || | rootdir=/plan9 || | bootdisk=#H/hd1disk:63 || | |Redo | | |**Save** | mouseport=ps2 monitor=vga vgasize=640x480x1 console=cga bootfile=hd!1!/plan9/9dos rootdir=/plan9 bootdisk=#H/hd1disk:63 |Pick which configuration will boot by default. This can be overridden by supplying an argument to ''\PLAN9\B''.| ^Menu^ |File System Installation| |An active Plan 9 System| |Choose the boot partition to mark as the active system.| ^Menu^ |''/dev/hd1'' ((//Create notes for further review of the menu selection//.))| |''/dev/hd2'' ((//Create notes for further review of the menu selection//.))| ^Press the ''Esc'' key to see what happens.^ |Reconfiguration complete. Remove the boot floppy and press any key to reboot, allowing the new configuration to come into effect.| |When you return to DOS, restart Plan 9 by typing ''PLAN9\B'' at the DOS prompt.| ==== Disk1 re-config note ==== - VGA setup * 640x480x1 * vga - Basic monitor or laptop LCD - Mouse type * PS2 - Ethernet card * None - ATA (IDE) controller * None - SCSI controller * None - SoundBlaster * None - SoundBlaster CD-ROM * None - File system console * CGA - Save configuration * Save ===== \PLAN9\B ===== * //b.com ((//It is safer not to install the Extended Memory Manager before running b.com//.)) - PC bootstrap program// ^Remove Disk1 then reboot.^^ |''C:\PLAN9\B''|''D:\PLAN9\B''| |:!: Run FreeDOS 1.3 in //Safe Mode// (press #3, if not press #4).| |//''3 - Load FreeDOS low with some drivers (Safe Mode)''//| |//''4 - Load FreeDOS without drivers (Emergency Mode)''// ((//The FreeDOS ''EDIT.EXE'' cursor is missing//; ''C:\PLAN9\B.COM'' works.)) ((//Try FreeDOS text editors ''C:\APPS\EMACS\EMACS.EXE'' or ''VIM.EXE''.//))| ^Plan 9 Second Edition screen for: \PLAN9\B^ |//File System Installation//| ^File System Installation^ |1. Install 3 Diskette System to local drive ((//Create notes for further review of the demo install//.))| |2. Install CD-ROM to local drive ((//Create notes for further review of the CD-ROM install//.)) ((//You must now configure the devices. Look at plan9.ini(8) in the manual to help understand the choices//))| |3a.Make a PC file server boot disk ((//Not reviewed in this tutorial//.))| |3b.Install CD-ROM to network file server ((//Not reviewed in this tutorial//.))| |4. Make this PC a CPU and Authentication server ((//Not reviewed in this tutorial//.))| * Sufficient disc space |//File System Installation//|| |1. Install 3 Diskette System to local drive|| |**''2. Install CD-ROM to local drive''**|| |''Select an ATAPI drive to load the distribution from:''|| | |**''#H/atapi2disk''**| * Insufficient disc space |//File System Installation//|| |1. Install 3 Diskette System to local drive|| |**''2. Install CD-ROM to local drive''**|| |3a.Make a PC file server boot disk|| | |**''There is insufficient disc space after the DOS partitions to install the system. You need to free 64718336 bytes. Press almost any key to continue...''**| |B.COM(8) ((//It is safer not to install the Extended Memory Manager before running b.com//.))|http://man.cat-v.org/plan_9_2nd_ed/8/b.com| ==== CD-ROM ==== |Load FreeDOS in //Safe Mode// to view the CD-ROM (//plan9-2e.iso//) at the ''E:\>''. While at the ''C:\>'' type ''E:'' then press the Return key.| Volume in drive E is PLAN 9 2ND Directory of E:\ ==== System console ==== [] init: starting /bin/rc controller not in /lib/vgadb [] /bin/dosserv 19: serving #s/dos init: rc exit status: rc 8:false init: starting /bin/rc term% ==== How to halt or shutdown ==== Halt or shutdown the system. ^Commands^ |''disk/kfscmd sync''| |''disk/kfscmd halt''| * Demo install term% term% cd / term% lc readme readme term% grep halt readme To halt the system cleanly, type: disk/kfscmd halt term% disk/kfscmd halt kfs: file system halted * CD-ROM install term% man kfscmd|grep halt halt write all changed blocks and stop the file system. term% |KFSCMD(8)|http://man.cat-v.org/plan_9_2nd_ed/8/kfscmd| ==== D:\> ==== |x|CD-ROM Install| * Postpone the //Demo// install if completing the //CD-ROM// install. * The //user// is **''tor''** until //user// files are added to the //CD-ROM// installed files. * A note about ''/usr/tor'' is located in the [[http://doc.cat-v.org/plan_9/2nd_edition/install|2. Install CD-ROM to local drive]] section (external link). * The [[http://doc.cat-v.org/plan_9/2nd_edition/install|Setting up a stand-alone machine]] section suggests that //you should create a user name for yourself// (external link). |AUTH(8)|http://man.cat-v.org/plan_9_2nd_ed/8/auth| |NEWUSER(8)|http://man.cat-v.org/plan_9_2nd_ed/8/newuser| |ways to install|http://doc.cat-v.org/plan_9/2nd_edition/install| D:\PLAN9>more plan9.ini mouseport=ps2 monitor=vga vgasize=800x600x1 ata1=irq=15 auido0=type=sb16 port=0x220 irq=7 dma=5 console=cga bootfile=h!1 D:\PLAN9> ==== CD install user login ==== **From B.COM**: ^ File Machine View Input Devices Help ^^ | 5554 free pages, 22216K bytes, swap 108616K, highwater 1108k, headroom 1384K || | CPU is a 128 MHz unknown (cpuid: ax 306c3 dx 178bfbbf) || | root is from (local, 9600, 19200, il)[local!#H/hd1fs]: | ⇐ Press the Enter key.| ^ File Machine View Input Devices Help ^^ | 5554 free pages, 22216K bytes, swap 108616K, highwater 1108k, headroom 1384K || | CPU is a 128 MHz unknown (cpuid: ax 306c3 dx 178bfbbf) || | root is from (local, 9600, 19200, il)[local!#H/hd1fs]: || | user[none]: USER | ⇐ Type the USER ((The //user// is **''tor''** until //user// files are added to the //CD-ROM// installed files.)) name, then press the Enter key. | | password: | ⇐ Press the Enter key.| ==== D:\>plan9\b ==== **From FreeDOS**: D:\> D:\>plan9\b **From B.COM**: root is from (local, 9600, 19200, il)[local!#H/hd1fs]: user[none]: tor password: **From 8½ rc**: Welcome to Plan9. This is rc. term% ==== file transfer to C:\ ==== Create the FreeDOS directory C:\FD9C term% cd /n/c: term% mkdir fd9c term% cd fd9c term% pwd /n/c:fd9c term% term% lc -l /bin/games >/n/c:fd9c/bingames.txt term% cd /n/c:/fd9c term% lc -l --rw-rw-rw- M 8 bill trog 699 Dec 15 05:52 bingames.txt term% cat bingames.txt --rwxrwxr-x M 3 sys sys 70817 Apr 5 1995 4s --rwxrwxr-x M 3 sys sys 73424 Apr 5 1995 5s --rwxrwxr-x M 3 sys sys 30113 Apr 5 1995 ana --rwxrwxr-x M 3 sys sys 66994 Apr 5 1995 catclock --rwxrwxr-x M 3 sys sys 52998 Apr 5 1995 clock --rwxrwxr-x M 3 sys sys 82700 Apr 5 1995 festoon --rwxrwxr-x M 3 sys sys 43496 Apr 5 1995 fireworks --rwxrwxr-x M 3 sys sys 224453 Apr 5 1995 fsim --rwxrwxr-x M 3 sys sys 47330 Apr 5 1995 life --rwxrwxr-x M 3 sys sys 61145 Apr 5 1995 mandel --rwxrwxr-x M 3 sys sys 123862 Apr 5 1995 plumb --rwxrwxr-x M 3 sys sys 98862 Apr 5 1995 road --rwxrwxr-x M 3 sys sys 61740 Apr 5 1995 smiley --rwxrwxr-x M 3 sys sys 78238 Apr 5 1995 swar term% pwd /n/c:/fd9c term% ==== create a new user ==== **From 8½ rc**: * Create user ''none'' (for the CD-ROM install). term% pwd /usr/tor term% lc .. tor term% /sys/lib/kfsuser none add user ’2:none:none: ’term% * //Cause kfs to reread the ''/adm/users'' file//. term% disk/kfscmd user term% pwd /usr/tor term% lc .. none tor * Login as the new user and copy the mentioned files from ''/usr/tor''. * //Even if you're planning to be the only person to use the machine, you should create a user name for yourself//. * //Don't use [user] ''none'', which has special meaning in Plan 9//. |''/usr/tor/lib/first.window''| |''/usr/tor/lib/profile''| |''/usr/tor/bin/rc/8½start''| * //The sequence for entering 8 1/2 on an IBM keyboard is// ''8-ALT-1-2''. * For educational and informational purposes only. [[playground:plan_9_second_edition#disk1img|Networking]] is not [[playground:plan_9_second_edition#disk1img|supported]]. ==== /bin ==== ^art, art2pic - edit line-art^ |ART(1)|http://man.cat-v.org/plan_9_2nd_ed/1/art| ^tweak - edit bitmap files, subfont files, face files, etc.^ |TWEAK(1)|http://man.cat-v.org/plan_9_2nd_ed/1/tweak| ==== /bin/fb ==== ^cpr, cprview - cheesy polygon renderer and viewer^ |CPR(9.1)|http://man.cat-v.org/plan_9_2nd_ed/9/cpr| ^Manual pages - Section 1: Plan 9^ |http://man.cat-v.org/plan_9_2nd_ed/1/| ^The Use of Name Spaces in Plan 9^ |http://doc.cat-v.org/plan_9/2nd_edition/papers/names| |https://plan9.io/sys/doc/names.pdf| ^Plan 9 Volume 2 - The Documents^ |http://doc.cat-v.org/plan_9/2nd_edition/papers/| ===== ISO image ===== |Plan 9 Foundation| |https://plan9foundation.org/| |FreeDOS Wiki| |http://wiki.freedos.org/wiki/index.php/Main_Page| ===== Manual ===== |Manual Sections| |http://man.cat-v.org/plan_9_2nd_ed/| |Manual pages - Section 8: system administration| |http://man.cat-v.org/plan_9_2nd_ed/8/| ==== toobnix.org ==== |games/fireworks ((//Included the CD-ROM install//.)) [[:playground:plan_9_second_edition#file_transfer_to_c|lc -l /bin/games]]| |Windowing system is 8½ which is closer to UNIX mux| |Plan9 2nd Edition| |https://toobnix.org/w/qwV29JnoE9HCNmBEZutRn4|